1. Persistent phone calls despite being told not to contact in any form.
2. Waiting at workplace or in neighborhood.
3. Threats.
4. Manipulative behavior (for example: threatening to commit suicide in order to get a response to such an "emergency" in the form of contact).
5. Sending written messages: letters, emails, graffiti...
6. Sending gifts from the seemingly "romantic" (flowers and/or candy) to the bizarre (dog teeth, a bed pan, a blood soaked feather) (Dietz et al. 1991b).
7. Defamation: The stalker often lies to others about the victim (claims of infidelity, for example).
8. "Objectification": The stalker derogates the victim, reducing him/her to an object -- this allows the stalker the ability to feel angry with the victim without experiencing empathy (Meloy and Gothard, 1995).